——《甲子峥嵘 弦歌而行：浙江大学信息与电子工程学院60周年院史文集》
——Resplendent Journey with Strings: 60th Anniversary Chronicles of the College of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University
得益于学院的对外交流项目，我和丁力等三位同学在2016年暑期来到美国密苏里科技大学进行科研交流。在学院老师的荐引下，我们三位同学有幸前往加州拜访段永平校友，并与其进行了长达三个小时的轻松交谈。段校友很热情，不把我们当外人，我们就海阔天空地随意提问，想办法多角度地了解段校友在大学期间的点滴往事和人生感悟。段校友对我们这些小师妹小师弟不设防，认真回答我们提出的问题，让人很是感动。采访之后，我们以“问和答"的形式仔细地整理出了采访稿，以尽可能地反映当时的采访原貌，原汁原味地表现段校友的情怀和智慧。
Thanks to the college's exchange programs, myself and three other classmates, including Ding Li, visited Missouri University of Science and Technology in the summer of 2016 for research exchanges. Recommended by our college professors, we had the privilege to visit alumnus Duan Yongping in California and engage in a relaxed conversation with him for a lengthy three hours. Mr. Duan was very warm and welcoming, treating us like old friends rather than strangers. We freely asked questions and sought to understand various aspects of his college life and insights into life in general from different angles. Mr. Duan was open and earnest in his responses, which was quite touching for us. After the interview, we carefully compiled the interview transcript in a question-and-answer format, aiming to faithfully reflect the essence of the interview and showcase Mr. Duan's sentiments and wisdom.
问：当初您为什么选择到浙大就读？
Question: Why did you choose to study at Zhejiang University in the first place?
大道：我是江西人，浙大离江西比较近。当时高考是考前就填志愿的，我其实不知道填哪儿好，也不知道别人水平怎么样，自己考成什么样。那时刚刚恢复高考，1977年和1978 年我都考了，77年没考上，1978年就继续考，中间隔了半年。北大、清华在江西省招的专业我不喜欢，北大只招地球物理专业，清华招水利专业，这两个专业我都没有填。我看到浙大有无线电电子工程学系，好像很时髦，就报了，报的时候也没有报专业，专业是进去以后分的，电子物理技术听起来就挺神秘的，我就选这个专业了。
Da Dao: I am from Jiangxi, and Zhejiang University is relatively close to Jiangxi. At that time, the college entrance examination required filling out preferences beforehand. I wasn't sure where to apply, and I didn't know the proficiency of others or my own performance. At that time, the college entrance examination had just been restored; I took it in 1977 and 1978. I didn't get in in 1977, so I continued in 1978, with a six-month gap in between. I wasn't interested in the majors that Peking University and Tsinghua University offered in Jiangxi Province. Peking University only offered geophysics, and Tsinghua offered hydraulic engineering, neither of which I chose. When I saw that Zhejiang University had a Department of Radio Electronics, which seemed quite fashionable, I applied. I didn't specify a major at the time; majors were assigned after admission. Electronic Physics Technology sounded mysterious, so I chose that major.
问：你们上大学时有什么课？您特别喜欢哪门课？
Question: What courses did you take in college? Which one did you particularly like?
大道：课蛮多的。大一学基础课，有高等数学、普通物理、普通化学、政治、英语，还有体育课、金工实习等。大二开始就有一些专业性较强的课，比如电磁场、电子线路，还有复变函数、数理方程、概率论、数理统计等数学课程。大三后专业课较多，如微波电子学、真空。真空其实蛮高科技的，你要把一个东西抽成真空的，就要用到非常多的科技手段，比如把壁上的气泡给赶出来，就要用到非常多的原理。最简单的例子是灯泡，灯泡里面必须真空，要是里面有氧气的话，灯丝马上烧断了。再复杂一点，就是真空度高的问题，里面真空度高了，那外面压强就大了，抽成真空还是难的，这与我们的专业紧密相关，比如高能粒子加速器里面肯定要真空的，要是里面都是分子，粒子怎么穿得过去啊，所以必须抽空，剩下百分之几的空气，你不可能百分之百的抽光，总会有这样那样的东西在里面。半导体里面有很多这样的东西，线路板里面有很多都要搞真空的。这么多年了，详细的也记不太清了，粗略的、概念的内容还是清楚的。
Da Dao: There were quite a few courses. In the first year, we studied foundational courses such as advanced mathematics, general physics, general chemistry, politics, English, as well as physical education and practical metalworking. Starting from the second year, there were more specialized courses, such as electromagnetic fields, electronic circuits, as well as mathematical courses like complex variables, mathematical equations, probability theory, and mathematical statistics. In the later years, there were more specialized courses such as microwave electronics and vacuum technology. Vacuum technology is quite high-tech; to create a vacuum, you need various technological methods, such as removing bubbles from the wall, which requires many principles. The simplest example is a light bulb; it must be a vacuum inside because if there is oxygen, the filament will burn out immediately. A more complex example is the issue of high vacuum degree; if the vacuum inside is high, the external pressure increases, making it difficult to create a vacuum. This is closely related to our profession; for example, high-energy particle accelerators require a vacuum inside because if it's filled with molecules, how can particles pass through? So it must be evacuated, leaving a few percent of air; you can't remove all of it completely, as there will always be something left inside. Many things in semiconductors and circuit boards require vacuum. After so many years, I can't remember the details clearly, but I still have a general understanding of the concepts.
谈不上有什么特别喜欢的课，但老师讲课讲得挺好的印象较深的是教复变函数和数理方程的老师，但这个老师后来被调到复旦大学了。这个专业不是我特别想搞的东西，所以后来也没有再考这方面的研究生。
There isn't any particular class that I particularly liked, but the teacher who left a deep impression on me for teaching complex variables and mathematical equations teached classes quite well. However, this teacher later transferred to Fudan University. That subject wasn't something I was particularly interested in pursuing, so I didn't pursue graduate studies in that area either.
每个人喜欢的东西不一样。研究生我是去中国人民大学读的，读的是经济学，后来从事的行业也都跟经济有关，当然，跟电子也有关系，做电子产品的研发和销售，比如我现在还做手机。我们的手机卖得蛮好，在国内所占的份额应该算是梃厉害的。但是我们不追求这个，这是一个自然的结果。我不关心别人的份额是多少，但是，我们的份额我是知道的。我们不公布具体的数据，因为我们不是上市公司，不强制我们公布。
Everyone has different preferences. I attended graduate school at Renmin University of China, majoring in economics. The industries I later worked in were all related to economics, of course, with some connection to electronics as well, involving research and sales of electronic products. For example, I still work in the mobile phone industry. Our phones sell quite well, and our market share domestically is quite formidable. However, we don't actively pursue this; it's a natural outcome. I don't care about others' market share, but I am aware of ours. We don't disclose specific data because we're not a publicly traded company, and we're not obligated to disclose.
问：您对哪些老师印象最深刻？
Q: Which teachers left the deepest impression on you?
大道：当时给我们上专业课的老师现在不一定还在上课，大部分老师退休了。跟我比较熟悉的是黄恭宽老师，他肯定不给你们上课了，当然别的老师对学生也蛮好。黄老师给我的印象最深，因为黄老师教的东西对我成长有益，他不是简单地教课本内容，而是经常讲些道理。记得有一次做实验，需要用力拧，我想要拧得更紧一些，结果弹簧被拧出来了。黄老师说做事要留有余地啊，说我最后为了一点好处就冒了这么大的风险。因为装回去很难，需要费好大劲才装得回去，所以要留一点点余地，用劲到95％就可了，不用追求100%的好处，否则到最后你会失去更多。不是所有的事情都要竭尽全力，最好都留一点余地。
Da Dao: The teachers who taught us professional courses at that time may not necessarily still be teaching now; most of them have retired. One teacher I was quite familiar with is Teacher Huang Gongkuan, but he definitely wouldn't be teaching you now. Of course, other teachers were also good to students. Teacher Huang left the deepest impression on me because what he taught was beneficial to my growth. He didn't just teach textbook content; he often imparted wisdom. I remember once during an experiment, I needed to twist something forcefully, and I wanted to tighten it even more, but the spring came loose. Teacher Huang said that one should leave room for maneuver in everything; he said I took too much risk for a small benefit. It was difficult to put it back, requiring a lot of effort, so it's better to leave a little room. Exerting effort to 95% is enough; there's no need to pursue 100% benefit, otherwise, you'll lose more in the end. Not everything needs to be done with full effort; it's best to leave a little margin.
所有老师都是很好的，那个时候老师跟同学的关系挺紧密的。跟我们打交道比较多的是周建华老师，他那时候做我们的辅导员，现在已退休。他负责过紫金港新校区的建设，我跟他也比较熟，最近他身体不太好，我挺牵挂他！
All the teachers were good; at that time, the relationship between teachers and students was quite close. The teacher who interacted with us the most was Teacher Zhou Jianhua; he was our counselor back then and has since retired. He was in charge of the construction of the Zijingang Campus, and I was quite familiar with him. Recently, he hasn't been in good health, and I'm quite concerned about him!
问：您是怎么安排学习的？您当时的兴趣爱好是什么？
Q: How did you manage your studies? What were your interests at that time?
大道：我没有刻意安排学习，反正该上课就上课，该考试就考试。我平常交作业会比较晚，所以平时分比较低，但是到考试的时候较认真，会突击复习一段时间。那时学风好，不太会有人想作弊。
Da Dao: I didn't deliberately plan my studies; I just attended classes as needed and took exams when required. I usually submitted assignments late, so my regular grades were lower, but I was more serious when it came to exams and would intensively review for a period of time. The academic atmosphere was good back then, and there weren't many instances of cheating.
那个年代的大学生没有太多的兴趣，不像现在，玩的东西多，还有网络。那个时候只能下下围棋，打打桥牌。打桥牌是我在学校里学的，围棋自己本来就会一点，但是下得也不好。我下围棋也不是很花工夫，可能也就业余初段，顶多业余二段。那个时候能玩的东西确实不多，看个电视还要跑到主楼的大教室里，要走10多分钟，主要看个球类比赛，如男排、女排、男足。看男足最关心的是男足冲出亚洲，他们冲不出去啊，现在也很难冲出去。那个时候我们的活动和娱乐确实比较少。
University students in those days didn't have many interests compared to now; there were fewer things to do, unlike nowadays with so many entertainment options and the internet. At that time, we could only play a bit of Chinese chess or bridge. I learned to play bridge at school, and I already knew a little about Chinese chess, although I wasn't very good at it. I didn't spend much time playing Chinese chess; maybe I was only at an amateur level, at most an amateur second level. There weren't many things to play with back then; even watching TV required going to the main lecture hall, which took more than ten minutes to walk to. We mainly watched sports competitions like men's and women's volleyball, and men's soccer. We were most concerned about the men's soccer team breaking out of Asia, but they couldn't; it's still difficult now. Activities and entertainment were indeed limited back then.
问：你们组织过什么活动？
Q: What kind of activities did you organize?
大道：我参加的比较少。我原来是1978级的，上了半年学，因为身体的原因就回家了，休学了一年，到了1979年复学。到新班级同学就不熟了，差半年感觉就差好多，虽然大家对我很好，我也喜欢新班级，但一直都觉得自己像个局外人一样，所以参加活动也不太多。毕业实习的时候，我去南京实习。从南京回浙大那一路，我是玩回来的，无锡啊，苏州啊，上海啊，感觉像是旅游过了。那个时候绝对算穷游了，我回学校的时候身上大概只剩一毛钱了。
Da Dao: I didn't participate in many activities. I was originally from the class of 1978, but I only attended half a year of school due to health reasons and then took a year off before returning in 1979. When I joined the new class, I wasn't as familiar with my classmates anymore, and that half-year gap made a big difference. Although everyone was nice to me, and I liked the new class, I always felt like an outsider, so I didn't participate in many activities. During my graduation internship, I went to Nanjing for an internship. On the way back from Nanjing to Zhejiang University, I had some fun, visiting Wuxi, Suzhou, and Shanghai; it felt like a trip. It was definitely a budget trip; I probably only had one cent left when I returned to school.
那个时候一毛钱还能干点事，按当时物价，一个月的消费估计是七八块钱，10块钱左右就勉强能过了。20块钱的生活费绝对是很宽裕了，大家都没钱，当然也就不会出去玩了。
One cent could still do something back then. Based on the prices at that time, the estimated monthly expenses were about seven to eight yuan, and ten yuan could baicly cover it. Having a monthly living allowance of twenty yuan was quite comfortable; nobody had money, so nobody went out to play.
问：那时大家比较关注什么？
Q: What did people pay attention to at that time?
大道：不太记得了。关注考试？好像也不是那么关注，不到考试我都不着急。我有个毛病，上课有时会睡觉，所以成绩也就中等。我们班30个人，我成绩大概排在十七八名，既不在前10名，也不在后10名。比较幸运，考试成绩还可以，一到最后几个礼拜，只要我努努力，还是挺好的。我没挂过科(考试不及格)，只要努力就不应该挂科。如果我努努力，也能考90多分。
Da Dao: I don't remember much. Maybe we paid attention to exams, but it wasn't a big deal to me until the exams were near. I had a habit of sleeping in class sometimes, so my grades were average. There were about thirty students in our class, and I ranked around seventeenth or eighteenth in terms of grades, neither in the top ten nor in the bottom ten. Fortunately, my exam scores were okay; as long as I worked hard in the last few weeks, I did pretty well. I never failed a subject; as long as I worked hard, I shouldn't fail. If I worked hard, I could also score over ninety points.
我记得学校、系里有足球比赛。我不知道现在还有没有比赛，当时是有的。当时我们班在系里还拿过冠军，,我还当过守门，也不太会，反正球来了就接呗。
I remember there were football matches organized by the school and the department. I'm not sure if they still have matches now, but they did back then. Our class even won the championship in the department once, and I played as a goalkeeper, although I wasn't very good; I just caught the ball when it came.
问：如何给自己设定人生目标？你在大学时的人生感悟是什么？
Q: How to set life goals for yourself? What were your insights into life when you were in college?
大道：我们上大学的时候，头两年可能认为上大学就是人生的终极目标，上了大学就是天之骄子了，所以进了学校好像突然就一下子茫然了，忙半天也不知道自己在忙啥，发现学的东西也不太感兴趣，觉得不好玩也不开心。
Da Dao: When we were in college, in the first two years, we might think that going to college is the ultimate goal of life. We might feel like we've reached the pinnacle of success just by getting into college. So when we enter university, it's like suddenly feeling lost. Despite being busy, we don't know what we're busy with, and we find ourselves uninterested in what we're learning, feeling neither entertained nor happy.
大概到了大三，有一天我突然悟到，乐趣是在过程中的。因为我高考的经历比较特殊，我是往届生，在准备迎考的过程中一直很努力，有个目标在那里，就一直往前走，每天非常充实。等考上大学拿到录取通知书了，在我们那个小地方也算是高考状元了，过400分的人就我一个。听到有人在说：“啊！有个人考了400多分呢。” 我心里很得意啊。到了学校以后，突然发现失去了目标，就没有乐趣了。后来悟到，人生的乐趣就是在过程当中，需要自己不断地设定目标，而不只是达到某个目标。达到某个目标以后，就要设定新的目标，才会找到乐趣。
By my third year of college, I had a sudden realization that joy lies within the journey. My experience with the college entrance exam was rather unique; I had taken it before and, throughout the preparation process, I worked diligently, driven by a clear goal, making each day fulfilling. When I eventually received my acceptance letter to university, especially since I was the only one in our small town to score above 400. I remember hearing someone say, "Wow, someone scored over 400 points!" and I was very proud. However, upon entering university, I suddenly found myself without a clear goal, and consequently, without that same sense of joy. It was then that I realized that the true joy of life is found in the journey itself. It requires constantly setting new goals for oneself, rather than just achieving a specific goal. Once one goal is reached, it's important to set new ones in order to continue finding joy in life.
为什么很多人喜欢玩游戏？游戏容易有目标，达到目标之后马上又有新的目标，所以有个过程。在现实生活当中，这样一个过程是很必要的，比如考硕士、博士，这都不是终极目标，但是这个过程你都可以享受。而且你达到这个目标以后，得马上再有下一个目标，当然需要是你自己喜欢的目标，如果你不喜欢就要避开。如果把考研作为终极目标的话就不合适了。
Why do many people enjoy playing games? Games often have clear goals, and once a goal is achieved, there's immediately a new one, creating a process. In real life, such a process is necessary. For example, pursuing a master's or Ph.D. degree is not the ultimate goal; rather, it's about enjoying the process. And once you achieve that goal, you need to set another one immediately, but it should be something you enjoy. If you don't enjoy it, you should avoid it. Setting passing a graduate entrance exam as the ultimate goal wouldn't be appropriate.
我自己有过这方面的体验。大学毕业的时候我要考研，在学校里复习了一个暑假，过得很辛苦、很不容易。报名的时候，教室里满墙贴着各个学校的招生简章、专业介绍（那个时候还没有电脑)，我在那里看了三天，一个一个地看，就没有任何一个专业是我想考的。
I have experienced this personally. When I graduated from college, I planned to pursue a postgraduate degree and spent a whole summer reviewing for the entrance exam, which was challenging and demanding. When it came time to register, the classroom walls were plastered with brochures from various universities and their program offerings (back then, we didn't have computers). I spent three days reading through them all, one by one, but none of the programs interested me.
可能是我想得比较长远：专业与职业相连，不能是某个专业考上就行了，如果这个东西不是以后想干的东西，那考进去之后该怎么办？所以呢，三天以后我就放弃考研了。很多人就奇怪：怎么复习了这么久，复习得这么辛苦，你咋又不考了？是因为我没有想考的专业啊。
Perhaps I was thinking long-term: the chosen major would lead to a career, so it couldn't be something I'd just settle for. If it wasn't something I wanted to do in the future, what would I do after getting in? So, after three days, I gave up on the idea of pursuing a postgraduate degree. Many people were surprised: after studying so hard for so long, why did I suddenly give up? It's because I didn't find a major I wanted to pursue.
毕业的时候，很多人问我将来的打算是什么，我说：“如果你们哪天听见我又考研究生了，你也就不用问我混得怎样了，肯定是混得不好，表明我不喜欢所处的环境，所以只能选择继续考研。”后来我确实考研了。因为，我毕业被分配到北京后，不满意所在的工作环境，就考了人大的研究生，彻底换了个方向和行业，我不搞技术了。我不是说搞技术有什么不好，只是每个人喜欢的东西确实不一样，我觉得技术激发不了自己的兴趣。这算是我在人生过程中学到的一个东西：乐趣是在过程当中的。
When I graduated, many people asked about my future plans. I said, "If you ever hear that I'm pursuing a postgraduate degree again, then you don't need to ask how I'm doing; it means I'm not doing well and I'm not satisfied with my environment, so I have to choose to continue studying." And indeed, I did pursue a postgraduate degree. After being assigned to work in Beijing upon graduation and being dissatisfied with my job environment, I decided to pursue a graduate degree at Renmin University, completely changing my direction and industry. I moved away from technology. There's nothing bad about technology; it's just that everyone has different interests, and I realized that technology didn't spark my interest. This is something I learned in life: joy lies in the process.
还有一个感悟我觉得蛮重要的。大三的时候，也不知道是我在哪看到，还是谁说的一句话，叫作“做对的事情，把事情做对”。
There's another insight I find quite important. During my third year of college, I don't remember where I read it or who said it, it's "Do the right things and do things right."
人总是会犯错的，但很多人不知道什么是对的事情，什么是把事情做对。你要坚持什么？错的事情一定不能坚持，必须改；对的事情，要坚持。坚持的意思就是你在做对的事情,在把事情做对的过程当中，你会犯很多错误，会吃很多亏，这也是一个学习的过程。然后呢，你要去坚持。因为如果想要做对的事情，你就要接受在做对的事情的过程中有可能会犯错误。这个感悟对我一生影响非常大。
People make mistakes, but many don't know what the right things are or what's doing things right. What should you persist in? You mustn't persist in the wrong things; you must correct them. But for the right things, you should persist. Persistence means doing the right things and doing them right, even though you'll make many mistakes and face many setbacks along the way. It's a learning process. And then, you must persevere. Because if you want to do the right things, you must accept that you may make mistakes along the way. This insight has had a significant impact on my life.
我曾受浙大校方邀请，为毕业生做过毕业典礼演讲，当时是在大操场上，学生乱哄哄的，给我印象特别不好，但我还是说了三点：
第一点就是做对的事情，把事情做对；
第二点是“胸无大志”，就是你要踏踏实实去做你喜欢的事情；
还有一点是要做正直的人，做正直的人就是心里头比较坦荡。整天耍小聪明，其实是很难受的。（你们这些还没有毕业的，可能是感受不到）。
I was once invited by Zhejiang University to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. It was on the main sports field, and the students were rowdy, which left a bad impression on me. Still, I mentioned three points:
1. Do the right things and do things right.
2. "Have no grand ambitions"; be down-to-earth and do what you love.
3. Be an honest person; being honest means having a clear conscience. Trying to be clever all the time is actually very uncomfortable. (Those of you who haven't graduated yet might not understand.)
很多人一辈子自认为很聪明，不说一辈子了，就说半辈子吧，几十年来一直在挣扎，做每一个选择的时候看的都是眼前的利益，所以一直在来来回回兜圈子，没有长远的考虑，没有对错，没有是非，只有利益。几十年后，你会看见眼光差异带来的人的差异是非常巨大的。做企业也是一样。我觉得做任何事情，不管做哪个行业，当教授也好，做研究也好，搞技术也好，都是要看得很远，要选择做对的事情。如果是错的事情，要尽早发现，尽早结束。这是我在大学里面得到的一个很重要的体会。不是每个人都知道这个道理的。很多人知道要坚持，坚持啥他就不知道了。要坚持就要容忍错误，什么样的错误可以容忍？做错的事情，它必然会带来错误的结果。
Many people think they're very clever throughout their lives, or at least half of it, struggling for decades, always considering immediate benefits with each choice, so they keep going around in circles without long-term considerations, without distinguishing right from wrong, only prioritizing interest. Decades later, you'll see the enormous differences caused by differences in perspective. It's the same in business. I think no matter what industry you're in, whether you're a professor, a researcher, or involved in technology, you need to have a far-sighted view and choose to do the right things. If it's the wrong thing, you need to discover it early and end it soon.This is a very important realization I gained during college. Not everyone understands this principle. Many people know they should persist, but they don't know what to persist in. To persist, you must tolerate mistakes. What kind of mistakes can be tolerated? Doing the wrong things will inevitably lead to wrong results.
比方说企业，坑蒙拐骗是绝对不能做的事情。你想想，一个企业如果把能赚到钱作为终极目标，就会认为蒙钱也是行的，所以也就没有是非了，然而蒙着蒙着，最后就垮了。很多企业垮了都不知道是什么原因垮的。这样做企业有点像小偷，被抓到了只会觉得偷技不够好。如果这样想，那下回偷的时候会更精，会偷得更大，被抓起来后也会判罪更重，这不就是永远总结不出错误的原因来了吗？如果终于总结出来偷东西不对,哪怕偷技再高也从此不偷了，才表明悟对了。
For example, in business, cheating is absolutely unacceptable. Think about it, if a company sees making money as the ultimate goal, they might think cheating is justifiable, so there's no distinction between right and wrong, but as they keep deceiving, they'll eventually collapse. Many companies collapse without knowing why. This approach to business is somewhat like being a thief; if caught, they'll only think their thievery skills weren't good enough. If they think this way, they'll become more adept at stealing next time, stealing even more, and when caught again, the punishment will be more severe. This means they'll never learn from their mistakes. If they finally realize that stealing is wrong, even if they were good at it, they'll stop forever, indicating they've learned their lesson.
那些偷技很高的人肯定是很聪明的，如果把聪明用到做正道的事情上，30年以后肯定也很厉害，所以这是一个很大的道理，这种大道理愿意听的人很少。
Those with excellent thievery skills are undoubtedly very clever. If they use their intelligence for legitimate pursuits, they'll be formidable in 30 years. So, this is a significant principle, but few are willing to heed such profound wisdom.
当然了，有成就的人本来就比较少。但是，总会有人去想这个东西，总会有人想得很长远。我们做的每一件事情都跟我们20年以后、30年以后有关联。想得长远些肯定会不一样啊。比方说你喜欢教书，那你肯定会成为一个很好的老师，因为你喜欢，你享受，那么你就会想尽各种各样的方法让学生明白你教的东西，想办法让学生将来有用处，而不是让他们只是考好试，出了学校就不管了，如果只是这样，将来学生也不会感激你。
Of course, successful people are inherently rare. However, there will always be people who think about these things, who think long-term. Everything we do is related to where we'll be in 20 or 30 years. Thinking ahead will undoubtedly lead to different outcomes. For example, if you enjoy teaching, you'll undoubtedly become an excellent teacher because you like it and enjoy it. Then you'll find various ways to help students understand what you teach and ensure it's useful for them in the future, rather than just focusing on getting good grades, forgetting everything once they leave school. If that's the case, students won't appreciate you in the future.
大学那么多年，我记得最深的是黄恭宽老师跟我讲的那句话：“任何一个人，他最后选择职业的时候，如果想得很长远的话，他就会有所差异。”这个很大的差异你不知道在哪一刻会对你有所决定，包括在选专业的时候、在选学校的时候、在选工作的时候、在选工作地点的时候，当然也包括在选择男女朋友的时候，就得想这个人能不能长久地相处、能不能够结婚。
After so many years in college, what I remember most is a sentence from Professor Huang Gongkuan: "When anyone chooses their career path, if they think long-term, they'll make a difference." You never know at which moment such a significant difference will affect you, whether it's when choosing a major, a university, a job, or even a life partner—you must consider whether that person can be with you for the long haul, whether they're marriage material.
问：在读书时有没有感到特别遗憾的事？
Q: Have you ever felt any particular regrets while studying?
大道：没什么特别遗憾的事。那时候条件比较差一点，电脑刚出现还没普及。我们上大学的时候还没有PC，学的还是大型计算机。我们学的语言是FORTRAN，我先学的是BASIC，BASIC我觉得很好学，因为它是直白的东西，后来又学了FORTRAN，学的是一头雾水，又没有练习，计算机就上过一堂课，可能也就45分钟，还没搞明白怎么回事就下课了，下课后没法碰到计算机，所以我对计算机一直都很陌生。这对那个时候的我们也谈不上是遗憾，因为人总是处在某个年代。再过30年，你们会发现原来学过的东西又不行了，也不用30年，按照现在这个知识更新的速度，5年就够了。
Da Dao: There's nothing particularly regrettable. Conditions were a bit poorer back then, and computers had just appeared and weren't widely available yet. When we were in college, there were no PCs yet, we were still studying mainframe computers. The language we learned was FORTRAN, and I started with BASIC, which I found easy to learn because it was straightforward. Later, I learned FORTRAN, and I was completely lost. Without practice, we only had one computer class, probably about 45 minutes long, and I didn't understand what was going on before it ended. After class, I couldn't get near a computer, so I remained unfamiliar with them. It wasn't really a regret for us back then because people are always in a certain era. In another 30 years, you'll find that what you learned isn't useful anymore. It might not even take 30 years; with the current pace of knowledge updating, five years might be enough.
所以，在学校里，最重要的不是你学到的知识，而是你掌握的学习方法和人生感悟，包括我刚才讲到的那些道理。比如，你要做对的事情，把事情做对，这个比什么都重要，包括要享受整个过程，而不只是追求某个结果。结果当然重要，但是结果没有你想象的那么重要。关键是要找到自己享受的事情，这个对于学生来讲还是很重要的。
So, in school, what's most important isn't the knowledge you acquire but the learning methods and life insights you grasp, including those I just mentioned. For example, doing things right is more important than anything else. You should enjoy the whole process, not just pursue a certain result. The result is important, of course, but not as important as you imagine. The key is to find something you enjoy, which is very important for students.
我当年一直在想：是天之骄子了，应该很开心，应该觉得自己很了不起，但怎么一点乐趣都没有呢？为什么还老觉得整天都闷闷不乐呢？也不知道整天在忙什么，也想不起来想要看的书，作业也经常晚交，但是我从来不抄作业。我会对照我的思考过程和别人的思考过程。那时教材比较糟糕，也没有标准答案，我们做了习题，都不知道对错。思考过程给我带来了乐趣，还带给我让自己满意的成绩。像量子物理，现在不记得具体知识点了，但是一些大逻辑的东西还是记得的，比如熵定律。当时有人说要发明永动机，我第一直觉就是绝对不信，因为一直转不可能啊，不符合熵定律的，要这样的话这个世界就乱了。
Back then, I kept thinking, I must be outstanding, so I should be happy and think highly of myself. But why didn't I feel any joy? Why did I always feel gloomy? I didn't know what I was busy with all day, couldn't remember the books I wanted to read, and often handed in my assignments late, but I never copied others' work. I would compare my thought process with others'. The textbooks back then were quite poor, with no standard answers, so we didn't know if our answers were correct. Thinking process brought me joy and also brought me satisfactory grades. Like quantum physics, I don't remember the specific knowledge points now, but I still remember some big logical things, like the law of entropy. When someone said they wanted to invent a perpetual motion machine, I immediately didn't believe it because perpetual motion is impossible; it goes against the law of entropy, and if that were possible, the world would be chaotic.
我感兴趣的东西是非常少的，我做企业也好，做投资也好，做很多事情都有个特点，就是专注。专注可以排掉杂音，排掉杂音以后还有个很重要的前提就是信念，就是要相信一些东西，坚持走下去。
I'm very interested in very few things. Whether it's running a business, investing, or doing many things, I have one characteristic: focus. Focus can eliminate distractions, and after eliminating distractions, there's an important premise, which is belief. You have to believe in something and stick to it.
在学校里建立起的这些东西对我这一辈子影响非常大。我所领悟到的道理不一定是跟老师学的，老师基本上就是教课，能教这些东西的较少。据说现在学生要想见老师有点难了，因为学校太大了，人也太多了。当然了，在学校学习，最重要的还是在于你自己，在于跟同学交流，也在于跟老师的交流，以及与所有人的交往。
These things I established in school have had a huge impact on my life. The insights I've gained aren't necessarily from teachers; teachers basically just teach, and there were few who can teach these insights. According to reports, it's a bit difficult for students to see teachers now because schools are too big and there are too many people. Of course, the most important thing about studying in school is yourself, exchanging ideas with classmates, communicating with teachers, and interacting with everyone.
ps：“你要做对的事情，把事情做对，这个比什么都重要，包括要享受整个过程，而不只是追求某个结果。结果当然重要，但是结果没有你想象的那么重要。”